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Functional pathology of musculoskeletal system in students of physiotherapy
Matocha, Jan ; Řasová, Kamila (advisor) ; Ragulová, Michaela (referee)
Among physiotherapists there is high prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders, which disrupt their personal and work life. Substantial part of them reports, first disorders begun when they studied pregradual physiotherapy, which corresponds with modern research among physiotherapy students. The goal of this thesis is to measure prevalence of functional disorders in population of physiotherapy students. In this study were 23 participants with average age of 20, which consisted of 21 women and 2 men. All functional disorders were examined during practical courses in subject "Fyzioterapie I", according to methodology taught on 3. faculty of medicine on Charles University. Examined functional disorders consisted of: side differences of anatomical circumference of limbs, range of motion in joints, trigger points, shortened muscles, hypermobility and examination by sight. Muscle, which were shortened most often, was mm. erectores trunci and hamstring muscles. No significant difference was found in range of motion examination, same as in examination of length and circumference of limbs. Most prevalent pathology found in examination by sight was position of shoulders, pelvic, and examination with plumb line from side. Out of 56 muscles trigger points without motoric response were found in 39 % and trigger...
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Možnost fyzioterapie u funkčních poruch pohybového aparátu ragbistů
MARTINIAK, Martin
My bachelor's thesis deals with the subject of functional disorders of the musculoskeletal system in a selected group of rugby players and the ensuing options to alleviate or eliminate these disorders, especially using compensatory exercises. The first goal of the bachelor's thesis is to identify which muscle imbalances and musculoskeletal disorders occur in rugby players, while the second goal was to suggest compensatory exercises for these muscle imbalances in the selected group of players. The thesis is divided into two parts - theoretical and practical. In the theoretical part I describe rugby, the rules of rugby and the workload of players during a match. Then I describe the issues of functional disorders and muscle imbalances, followed by the role of physiotherapy in rugby, where I discuss the most common injuries, selected examination and therapeutic methods and compensatory exercises. The practical part is based on qualitative research of three players of the RLC Orli Havlíčkův Brod team. The research started with medical history and initial kinesiological analysis consisting of various examinations to identify shortened and weakened muscles and to detect general movement insufficiency; I summarized the results of the investigation in case reports. On the basis of these examinations I designed compensatory exercises to alleviate or eliminate these problems. The subjects went through the designed exercise module under my supervision once a week for three months - before and after each rugby practice, which they had twice a week. They were also given the option of voluntary individual exercise at home. The results of this thesis show that rugby generates certain muscle imbalances that affect most players, especially in the lower half of the body where functional disorders are the greatest. My objective was to educate players as well as coaches in the subject of muscle imbalance. This thesis could serve as a reference and educational material providing orientation in this area both for professionals and the general public.
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Possibilities of physiotherapy for functional disorders caused by vocal loading in singers
BÁRTOVÁ, Kateřina
This bachelor thesis is focused on the possibilities of physiotherapy for functional disorders from excessive vocal load in singers. Functional disorders caused by excessive vocal load are a very common, but also neglected issue of voice. These disorders are caused by a frequent overuse of the vocal cords by speech and singing voice, mainly due to a poor voice technique. Functional voice disorders occur in voices of the untrained, but also in voices of the profesionals. If vocal overload is not treated, phonaesthenia, hyperkinetic dysphonia or hypokinetic dysphonia may occur. If the patient is not getting treated even in this case, irreversible organic changes in their vocal system may occur. In functional vocal disorders, there is a dyscoordination of different parts of the vocal tract, hyperactivity of the exhalatory muscles, extra-laryngeal muscles, and vocal cord adductors. The treatment of functional disorders from excessive vocal load consists in the elimination of the primary causes. Re-education of the voice with the help of voice exercise and re-education of the related body system is important. The aim of this paperis to map the possibilities of physiotherapy for functional disorders from excessive vocal load in singers and to design an exercise unit as a prevention of functional vocal disorders. In the theoretical part, the bachelor thesis deals with the voice, the anatomy of the vocal system and its function. There are described functional voice disorders, their causes, and methods of treatment. Furthermore, the bachelor's thesis focuses on the description of physiotherapy options that can be used for functional disorders from excessive vocal load. The practical part of the bachelor thesis is divided into two parts. The first part is processed in the form of qualitative research. The research sample consists of two singers with repeated problems of overloaded vocal cords. The sample underwent an input and output kinesiological analysis and the design of the therapy was created according to the identified issues. The therapy had positive impact on both patients and helped their improvement. The second part is processed in quantitative form. The research sample consists of 100 amateur and professional singers who filled out a questionnaire focused on the education of respondents in the field of singing, their subjective opinion on the correct performance of singing, questions on vocal disorders and methods of their treatment. The questionnaire contains, as well, a short subjective test of vocal overload. The questionnaire maps singers' awareness and the incidence of vocal disorders among those surveyed. According to the results of the questionnaire, it can be stated that the education of singers is still insufficient. In accordance with the results of the questionnaire, a handbook for singers was compiled in order to prevent voice disorders with the help of prevention and to inform singers about functional voice disorders.
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Possibilities of compensatory exercises for young figure skaters
HUMLEROVÁ, Veronika
The bachelor thesis deals with the problem of posture of young figure skaters and compensatory exercise, which serves to prevent or remedy early functional movement disorders. The first aim of this bachelor thesis is to design and create a program of compensatory exercise for young figure skaters according to the assessment of the musculoskeletal load. The second aim is to evaluate its effectiveness in a selected group of figure skaters and the final goal is to create an educational booklet for autotherapy. The bachelor thesis is divided into theoretical and practical part. The theoretical part contains information on the fundamentals and rules of compensation exercises. The thesis also outlines general information and history of figure skating, the most common muscle imbalance and the most common functional disorders of the musculoskeletal system in figure skating. The practical part includes the methodology, which was elaborated in the form of qualitative research and four girls from the synchronized skating section in Jihlava are part of the research. The research includes the anamnesis that was taken in the form of a semi-structured interview and a kinesiological examination. Subsequently, from this information were created casuistries and according to their assessment, I suggested and created an exercise unit of compensatory exercises. After a few weeks in the range of 2-3 months, I evaluated the effectiveness of this exercise. This thesis can be used as a source of information on the most common functional problems that young figure skaters often encounter. It can also be used as educational material for physiotherapists, coaches or figure skaters themselves.
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Possibilities of physiotherapy of muscular imbalances in recreational runners
HAVLOVÁ, Eliška
The thesis deals with an issue of muscle imbalances of recreational runners and possibility of influencing them by physiotherapy. The theoretical part describes muscle imbalances, their consequences and the most common types of muscle imbalances. There are mentioned muscle chains and their functional connections as well as the deep stabilization system (DSS). The thesis describes both the anatomy of the muscles that make up DSS and its physiological and pathological function. The thesis continues by describing running techniques, running equipment, footwear or running injuries, and there is a chapter on the relationship between functional muscle imbalances and running. There are presented suitable physiotherapeutic methods and procedures at the end of the theoretical part. The goals of the thesis include the description of the most common muscle imbalances of recreational runners and a compilation of suitable compensatory exercise units for recreational runners. The practical part of the bachelor's thesis is processed in the form of qualitative research, which consists of case studies. The research group consists of four recreational runners, two women and two men. These recreational runners run regularly. They run twice a week for one year at least. The research lasted 3 months. At the beginning of the research was provided an initial examination, including an anamnesis and kinesiological analysis. Therapy was based on the initial examination which included compensatory exercises and some manual treatments. Final kinesiological analysis and an overall evaluation of the therapy were performed after three months. During the final examination were recorded changes of the musculoskeletal system and postures of all probands. The results have shown better DSS activity, stabilization of key joints and it also affected some shortened muscle groups. The thesis includes examples of muscle imbalances of recreational runners and its physiotherapy. To the public as well as to professionals it can serve as a source of information about running and its connections with the musculoskeletal system.
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Problematics of musculosceletal dysfunction and chains
Hofman, David ; Malá, Jitka (advisor) ; Kučerová, Ilona (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with functional disorders of the musculoskeletal system. It discusses the possible causing factors of these disorders, their manifestations on the body, diagnostics and the possibilities of influencing them. Since this is a very common phenomenon on the human body, I chose mainly the muscle, fascia and joint structure, which I explored and described in more depth. The experimental part of this work aims to demonstrate the possible impact of the intervention of the 1.-3. ribs and claviculosternal joint as described by Ludmila Mojžíšová on the muscles of the neck (m. scalenus anterior, medius and sternocleidomastoideus). To obtain results, I used the ultrasound examination of the diameter of these muscles and Visual analogue scale (VAS) to obtain pain values before and after the intervention using this method. Title: Problematics of musculoskeletal dysfunction and chains Objectives: The first goal of this paper is to collect currently recognized sources about musculoscletal functional disorders. I have described origins of this kind of problems, manifestation of these disorders and kinds of therapy. I've focused on functional disorders of muscle, fascia and joint. Second goal of this thesis is to evaluate a top-rated Prague rehabilitation school's method. Part of Prague...
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Application of R. McKenzie's method in the therapy of functional disorders of the cervical spine
Fílová, Veronika ; Kuba, Kryštof (advisor) ; Jakovcová, Karolína (referee)
BACHELOR THESIS ABSTRACT Name, surname: Veronika Fílová Supervisor: PhDr. Kryštof Kuba Cert. MDT Consultant: Mgr. Silvie Táborská Title: Application of R. McKenzie's method in the therapy of functional disorders of the cervical spine Abstract: This bachelor thesis is dealing with application of Robin McKenzie's method in the therapy of functional disorders of the cervical spine. The aim of this work is to describe the practical use of mechanical diagnosis and therapy in patients with functional disorders of the cervical spine and also to point out the early indication of surgical treatment without applying all conservative treatment options. This bachelor thesis serves also as a basis for the diploma thesis which will focus in more details on the use of this method in the therapy of cervicobrachial syndrome. In the theoretical part of the thesis there is a brief description of anatomy and kinesiology of the cervical spine, the patophysiology of the cervical spine and there is also a description of mechanical diagnosis and therapy. In the practical part, there are case histories of five patients with functional disorders of the cervical spine. The McKenzie's method was used for examination and therapy. The problems were resolved in four patients in an average of 23.5 days. The last patient discontinued the...
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Problematics of musculosceletal dysfunction and chains
Hofman, David ; Malá, Jitka (advisor) ; Kučerová, Ilona (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with functional disorders of the musculoskeletal system. It discusses the possible causing factors of these disorders, their manifestations on the body, diagnostics and the possibilities of influencing them. Since this is a very common phenomenon on the human body, I chose mainly the muscle, fascia and joint structure, which I explored and described in more depth. The experimental part of this work aims to demonstrate the possible impact of the intervention of the 1.-3. ribs and claviculosternal joint as described by Ludmila Mojžíšová on the muscles of the neck (m. scalenus anterior, medius and sternocleidomastoideus). To obtain results, I used the ultrasound examination of the diameter of these muscles and Visual analogue scale (VAS) to obtain pain values before and after the intervention using this method. Title: Problematics of musculoskeletal dysfunction and chains Objectives: The first goal of this paper is to collect currently recognized sources about musculoscletal functional disorders. I have described origins of this kind of problems, manifestation of these disorders and kinds of therapy. I've focused on functional disorders of muscle, fascia and joint. Second goal of this thesis is to evaluate a top-rated Prague rehabilitation school's method. Part of Prague...
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Application of R. McKenzie's method in the therapy of functional disorders of the cervical spine
Fílová, Veronika ; Kuba, Kryštof (advisor) ; Jakovcová, Karolína (referee)
BACHELOR THESIS ABSTRACT Name, surname: Veronika Fílová Supervisor: PhDr. Kryštof Kuba Cert. MDT Consultant: Mgr. Silvie Táborská Title: Application of R. McKenzie's method in the therapy of functional disorders of the cervical spine Abstract: This bachelor thesis is dealing with application of Robin McKenzie's method in the therapy of functional disorders of the cervical spine. The aim of this work is to describe the practical use of mechanical diagnosis and therapy in patients with functional disorders of the cervical spine and also to point out the early indication of surgical treatment without applying all conservative treatment options. This bachelor thesis serves also as a basis for the diploma thesis which will focus in more details on the use of this method in the therapy of cervicobrachial syndrome. In the theoretical part of the thesis there is a brief description of anatomy and kinesiology of the cervical spine, the patophysiology of the cervical spine and there is also a description of mechanical diagnosis and therapy. In the practical part, there are case histories of five patients with functional disorders of the cervical spine. The McKenzie's method was used for examination and therapy. The problems were resolved in four patients in an average of 23.5 days. The last patient discontinued the...
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The possibilities of physiotherapy in functional disorders of the shoulder girdle table tennis players
TENGLOVÁ, Vendula
This thesis deals with the issue of functional disorders of the shoulder girdle for table tennis players. If there is excessive unilateral load at the playing upper extremity and it is not appropriately compensated, the formation of the muscle imbalances, especially in the area of the shoulder girdle can appear. This overload can occur not only with pain in the shoulder but also in other joints of the upper limb or cervical or thoracic spine. Ensuring adequate compensation can prevent an uneven load and thereby reduce the risk of malfunctions or early termination of a racing career. The aim of this thesis is to map the functional disorders of the shoulder girdle for table tennis players and based on kinesiology examination devise specific physiotherapy procedure and compensation program for table tennis players with functional disorders of the shoulder girdle. The theoretical part deals with the characteristics of table tennis and all related health problems. Further, I describe the anatomy and kinesiology of the shoulder girdle, functional disorders; in the end, I mention diagnostic and physiotherapy for functional disorders of the shoulder girdle. The practical part uses the method of qualitative research through case reports. The study group included two professional table tennis players of Southern Bohemia with functional disorders of the shoulder girdle. Data have been obtained by anamnesis using a structured interview, input and output kinesiological analysis completed by an examination of the shoulder girdle movement stereotypes on surface electromyography. As part of the therapy, I used the soft and mobilisation techniques to release reflex changes and functional joint blocks. I also used a selected therapeutic procedures affecting the present muscle imbalances, improving the stabilisation of the shoulder girdle, affecting movement stereotypes and activate the deep stabilising system. Selected therapeutic procedures have proved effectiveness. In both cases, the pain was reduced, shoulder line symmetrised, stress at the hypertonic muscles reduced and the stability of the shoulder girdle was improved. This work could be beneficial not only for table tennis coaches but also for the players themselves to prevent malfunctions or mitigate them. Furthermore, it can be used in clinical practice for physiotherapists and physiotherapy students.
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